Colon cancer, also called a silent killer, develops from polyps in the inner lining of the colon. While untreated colon cancer may spread to other body parts, early detection through screening tests and accurate treatments can remove precancerous polyps.
Colon cancer, also called colorectal cancer, is often not diagnosed until it has progressed to a later stage. While diagnosis at a later stage makes treatment difficult, early detection may increase the chances of completely curing the disease. Notably, awareness, screening and treatment programmes play a vital role in surviving colorectal cancer. If you are facing similar issues and looking for effective guidance, then connect with one of the best gastroenterologists in Delhi, Dr. Sanjay Jain.
What is Colon Cancer?
Colon cancer refers to the growth of cells that initiate in the colon, which is the first and the largest part of the large intestine. Usually, it begins as small clumps of cells (polyps) inside the colon that often turn into cancer over time. Also known as a silent killer due to the lack of symptoms, colon cancer can happen at any age, but, generally, it affects older adults.
Symptoms of Colon Cancer
People suffering from colon cancer do not show any symptoms at first. However, when they appear, they are likely to depend on the cancer’s size and its location in the large intestine.
The following are the symptoms of colon cancer that one may experience at a later stage:
- Change in bowel habits
- A feeling that the bowel does not empty fully
- Losing weight without trying
- Ongoing discomfort in the abdomen, including gas, cramps or pain
- Rectal bleeding
- Weakness or tiredness
Causes of Colon Cancer
While healthcare specialists like gastroenterologists are not sure about the causes of colon cancer, they know that it happens when cells in the colon develop changes in their DNA, causing cells to multiply quickly. This leads to too many cells that might form a mass (tumour) and/or destroy healthy body tissues.
Besides, factors that may increase the risk of colon cancer:
- Black race
- Consuming low-fiber, high-fat diet
- Diabetes
- Drinking too much alcohol
- Family history of colon cancer
- Inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease
- Inherited syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome
- Not exercising regularly
- Older age
- Obesity
- Personal history of colorectal cancer or polyps
- Smoking
- Radiation therapy directed at the abdomen to treat previous cancers
Screening for Colon Cancer
Healthcare professionals recommend that people with an average risk of colon cancer consider going for colon cancer screening around the age of 45. However, people with an increased risk, including those with a family history of colon cancer, must begin screening earlier.
Notably, getting screened regularly is important as colorectal cancer does not always cause symptoms at the start. Also, screening tests help find polyps so they can be removed before turning into cancer. This aids in treating colorectal cancer at an early stage.
Notably, the following tests are used for colon cancer screening:
- Stool Tests (faecal immunochemical test, guaiac-based faecal occult blood test and faecal DNA test): They check the stool for blood, which is caused by polyps and small cancers in the colon.
- Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: It uses a small flexible scope to view the lower part of the colon.
- Colonoscopy: It is the most common screening test for colon cancer that helps view the entire colon.
Lifestyle Changes to Reduce Colon Cancer Risk
Let’s dive deeper to learn about the lifestyle changes that can help lower the risk of developing colon cancer.
- Avoid tobacco
- Consume different fruits, vegetables and whole grains that are rich in vitamins, minerals, fibre and antioxidants
- Drink alcohol in moderation
- Exercise at least 30 minutes on most days of the week
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Stop smoking
In a nutshell, colon cancer is a silent killer that often goes unnoticed until it reaches an advanced stage. That’s why doctors recommend regular screening tests to detect and remove polyps early—before they turn cancerous. Early intervention can save lives. For expert screening and prevention advice, consider consulting a top Gastroenterologist in Bangalore, who can guide you through the best practices for maintaining colon health and reducing your cancer risk.
If you have any further queries related to colon cancer screening, then reach out to one of the best gastroenterologists in Delhi, Dr. Sanjay Jain.
